英文的单词一般包富含前缀、后缀和词根三有些。前缀改动词义,后缀改动词性,词根表达最根柢的意义。
词根有些许多都根柢是咱们学过的一些基础词汇,所以在学习单词时,若能掌控必定的前后缀的常识,然后联系词根有些的根柢意义,那么背单词将简略许多,一起许多单词的意思也可以进行斗胆猜测。
比方,normal是 “正常的”,ab-是不是定前缀,那么abnormal就是“不正常的”。可是请留心,这个单词运用的时分,假定指人的话,一般指的是“反常的”,所以要慎用。
为了 考生度过背单词,猜词义的难关,修改总结了大纲中呈现的运用频率比照高的49个前缀,期望能助广大考生一臂之力。
1.anti- 相反的, antiwar, antimatter, antinuclear
2. auto-主动的, automatic, autobiography
3. ab- 相反,变坏,离去 abnormal,abuse,abandon,abolish
4. bi- 两个, bicycle, bilingual, biweekly
5. by- 在周围,副的 byproduct, byroad
6. co-一起,一同 coauthor, cooperate, coexist
7.counter-相反 counteract, counterattack, contrary, contrast
8. dis- 否定,相反或相对 disagree,disadvantage, dishonest
9. de-否定,去掉,削减,脱离 devalue,deforestation, decode
10.em-用在b.p.前,使…进入状况 embody, empower
11. ex- 前,上一任 ex-wife, ex-president
12. extra- 额定的,外部的 extraordinary extracurricular
13. en- 使…进入状况 endanger, enlarge
14. fore- 前,提前,预先 forearm, forewarn, forecast
15. homo-同类的, homosexual, homogeneous, homocentric
16. hyper-跨越,太多, hyperbole(夸大), hyperactive(过度活泼的)
17. in-/im-/il-/ir-不,反,indirect, insensitive, immoral, impossible,illegal, illiterate, irregular, irresponsible
18. inter-在…之间,彼此, international, interchange
19.intra-/intro- 向内,入内 introduce, introspect, introvert (性格内向的人)
20.macro-标明“雄伟”“大”macroeconomic(微观经济,全体经济), macrostructure (微观规划)
21.mal-标明“坏”“恶”,malfunction (毛病),maltreat(优待,乱用)
22. micro-标明“微” “小”microeconomic(微观经济),microscope(显微镜),microelectronics(微电子学)
23 .mid- 标明“中,中部”,middle, midday, midnight
24.mini- 标明 “小”,minibus, miniskirt, miniature
25 .mis-标明“差错,坏”misfortune (意外), misunderstand(误解)
26.mono-标明“单个,一个”,monologue(独白),monotone(单调),monoplane(单翼机)
27.multi- 标明“许多”,multinational(
多国的,跨国的), multipurpose(多种用处的,多种方针的)
28.non- 标明“不,非”,nonsense(胡说),nonresident(不住在作业地址的)
29.over-标明“过度,过火”overuse, overtime; 标明“在…之上”overhead; 标明“回转”overturn,overcome
30.post- 标明“…后”,postgraduate, postwar
31.pre- 标明“…前的,预先”prewar, prepay, prepare, predict
32.pro- 标明“向前,前往”prospect, progress, propose; 标明“附和,亲”pro-america,pro-abortion
33.pseudo- 标明“假,伪”pseudonym(化名,笔名), pseudoscience(假科学,伪科学)
34.re- 标明“再三,从头”reuse, reunite, rebuild; “向后,相反,不”reject, refuse, rebel
35.self-标明“自个,本身”,self-employed(自个运营的),self-taught(自学而成的,自修的)
36.semi-标明“半,不完全地”,semicircle(半圆形), semifinal(半决赛)
37.step-标明“后,继”stepmother, stepchildren
38.sub-标明“下,鄙人;低于,副,亚,次”subdivide(再分,细分) subsection(分部,小有些), subway
39.super- 标明“在…之上,加之”supermarket, supernatural (超天然的)
40.sur-标明“跨越,在上面”,surface,surpass(跨越,胜过),surmount(打败,战胜),surcharge(超载,追加罚款)
41.tele-标明“远”,telecommunication(电讯,远程通讯), telescope
42.therm(o)-标明“热,热电”,thermometer (温度计,体温计),thermochemistry(热化学)
43.trans-标明“横过,穿过”,transplant, transport, transnational,
transatlantic(大西洋对岸的)
44.tri-标明“三”,triangle, tricycle
45. ultra- 标明“极点,过度” ultramodern (超级现代化),ultrasound(超音,超声波),ultra-democracy(极点民主)
46. un- 标明“不,非,无” unreal, uncomfortable, unfortunate, unconditional(无条件的)
47. under- 标明“在…之下,次于,缺乏” underground,underdeveloped,undersea,underline
48. uni-标明“单一” uniform, unidirectional (单向的),united (共同的,共同的,联合的)
49.vice- 标明“副” vice-chairman,vice-governor , vice-president
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